Attorney Dragana Djordjevic » "Law on Business Companies"

Entry of a new member into the limited liability company

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Following the provisions of the Companies Act, a third party can become a new member of a limited liability company based on the transfer of shares by registered members of the limited liability company, as well as based on the accession of a new member with a simultaneous increase in the share capital.

Transfer of shares

The basic rule is that the transfer of shares is free unless otherwise determined by the Companies Act or the Articles of Association.

The Companies Act establishes the following restrictions on the transfer of shares:

  1. pre-emptive right
  2. share transfers with the consent of the company
  3. company’s right to designate the share purchaser and
  4. the obligation to buy shares.

The articles of association of a limited liability company may provide for other types of restrictions on the transfer of shares.

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Protection of interests during implementation of status change

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During the implementation of the status change, it is possible to endanger the rights and interests of different categories of persons. The interests of the members of the transferring company (shareholders), the interests of the creditors of the companies participating in the status change, and the interests of third parties that do not fall into any of these categories are recognized.

Protection of the Rights of Members of the Transferring Company

Right to Additional Payment

The member of the transferring company who deems that he is a damaged by the determined ratio of the exchange of shares, i.e. stocks in the transferring company for the shares, i.e. stocks in the recipient company, may file an action with the competent court against the recipient company within a term of 30 days from the day of publication of the notification to the members of the company about the time and place at which they may inspect the documents and by-laws referred to in Article 490 of the Companies Act, and seek payment of the pecuniary compensation. If more than one action were filed, the proceedings are consolidated. Continue reading Protection of interests during implementation of status change →

Co-signature according to the Law on Business Companies

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Law on Business Companies (“Official Gazette of RS”, no. 36/2011, 99/2011, 83/2014 – other laws, 5/2015, 44/2018, 95/2018, 91/2019 and 109/2021 – from now on: the Law) in Article 33 determines the co-signature as a type of restriction of the authority of the representative of the company.

This limitation may be provided for a legal representative, procurator or other representatives. If a co-signature limits the power of representation, the representative to whom this limitation applies cannot undertake legal affairs or legal actions without the co-signature of a specific person.

A co-signatory can be determined by position, in which case the co-signatory is any person holding that position. Also, the co-signer can be determined by specifying personal data (e.g. name and surname) and in another way by which the co-signer can be determined.

The founding act can limit the power of representation by co-signature. Still, it can also be provided by the decision of the authority on the appointment of the representative. Continue reading Co-signature according to the Law on Business Companies →